<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>&#256D&#298N&#256 BEG KH&#256N (d. 1758)</TITLE>਍㰀猀琀礀氀攀 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀挀猀猀∀㸀ഀഀ
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<p class="C1">&#65279&#256D&#298N&#256 BEG <u>KH</u>&#256N (d. 1758), governor of the Punjab for a few months in AD 1758, was, according to <i>Ahw&#257l-i-D&#299n&#257 Beg <u>Kh</u>&#257n</i>, an unpublished Persian manuscript, the son of Chann&#363, of the Ar&#257&#299&#7749 agriculturalist caste, mostly settled in Do&#257b&#257 region of the Punjab. He was born at the village of Sharakpur, near Lahore, now in Shei<u>kh</u>&#363pur&#257 district of Pakistan. &#256d&#299n&#257 Beg was brought up in Mu<u>gh</u>al homes, for the most part in Jal&#257l&#257b&#257d, <u>Kh</u>&#257npur and Bajv&#257&#7771&#257 in the Jalandhar Do&#257b. Starting his career as a soldier, he rose to be collector of revenue of the village of Ka&#7749g in the Loh&#299&#257&#7749 area, near Sult&#257npur Lodh&#299. He obtained half a dozen villages in Ka&#7749g area on lease and within an year the entire Ka&#7749g region. After some time Naw&#257b Zakar&#299y&#257 <u>Kh</u>&#257n, the governor of Lahore, appointed him chief (<i>h&#257kam</i>) of Sult&#257npur Lodh&#299. When after N&#257dir Sh&#257h's invasion (1739) Sikhs started gaining power, Zakar&#299y&#257 <u>Kh</u>&#257n made &#256d&#299n&#257 Beg <u>Kh</u>&#257n <i>n&#257zim</i> (administrator) of the Jalandhar Do&#257b to suppress them. Shrewd as he was, he tried to strengthen his own position by encouraging Sikhs instead of repressing them. Under pressure from Zakar&#299y&#257 <u>Kh</u>&#257n, he however had to expel them from his dominion. For non-payment of government dues he was taken into custody under the orders of the governor of Lahore and subjected to torture. On being set free after an year, he was appointed deputy <i>n&#257zim</i> under Sh&#257h Naw&#257z <u>Kh</u>&#257n. After Zakar&#299y&#257 <u>Kh</u>&#257n's death on 1 July 1745, his sons, Y&#257hiy&#257 <u>Kh</u>&#257n and Sh&#257h Naw&#257z <u>Kh</u>&#257n contested succession. &#256d&#299n&#257 Beg maintained good relations with both. Sh&#257h Naw&#257z <u>Kh</u>&#257n having captured Lahore appointed &#256d&#299n&#257 Beg chief of Jalandhar Do&#257b. Meanwhile, N&#257dir Sh&#257h died on 19 June 1747 and Ahmad Sh&#257h Durr&#257n&#299 became ruler of K&#257bul and Qandah&#257r. Sh&#257h Naw&#257z following &#256d&#299n&#257 Beg's advice invited the Durr&#257n&#299 king to march towards the Punjab, warning at the same time the government at Delhi about the Durr&#257n&#299's invasion. As Ahmad Sh&#257h advanced into the country, Sh&#257h Naw&#257z fled towards Delhi. Mu'&#299n ul-Mulk (M&#299r Mann&#363), son of Qamar ud-D&#299n, the chief <i>waz&#299r</i> of the Delhi king, succeeded in checking the invader at M&#257n&#363pur, near Sirhind. &#256d&#299n&#257 Beg joined hands with M&#363'&#299n ul-Mulk and was wounded in the battle. M&#363'&#299n ul-Mulk became governor of Lahore, with Kau&#7771&#257 Mall as his<i>d&#299w&#257n</i> and &#256d&#299n&#257 Beg as<i>faujd&#257r</i> of the Jalandhar Do&#257b as before. Sikhs again started plundering the country. Ahmad Sh&#257h Durr&#257n&#299 launched upon his third incursion into the Punjab (December 1751), this time forcing Mu'&#299n ul-Mulk to surrender. Mu'&#299n remained governor, now on the Durr&#257n&#299's behalf. He and &#256d&#299n&#257 Beg directed their energies towards quelling the Sikhs. On the festival of Hol&#257 Mohall&#257 in March 1753, &#256d&#299n&#257 Beg fell upon Sikh pilgrims at Anandpur killing a large number of them. The Sikhs retaliated by plundering villages in the Jalandhar and B&#257r&#299 Do&#257bs. &#256d&#299n&#257 Beg was as quick in coming to terms as he was in opening hostilities. He assigned some of the revenue of his territory to the Sikhs and admitted several of them, including Jass&#257 S&#299&#7749gh R&#257mga&#7771h&#299&#257, into his army.</p>਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀䴀甀✀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀渀 甀氀ⴀ䴀甀氀欀 搀椀攀搀 漀渀 ㌀ 一漀瘀攀洀戀攀爀 ㄀㜀㔀㌀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 搀甀爀椀渀最 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀 漀昀 栀椀猀 眀椀搀漀眀Ⰰ 䴀甀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀搀 䈀攀最愀洀 ⠀䴀甀㰀甀㸀最栀㰀⼀甀㸀氀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䈀攀最愀洀⤀Ⰰ ☀⌀㈀㔀㘀搀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䈀攀最 愀猀猀甀洀攀搀 椀渀搀攀瀀攀渀搀攀渀琀 愀甀琀栀漀爀椀琀礀 椀渀 琀栀攀 䐀漀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀戀Ⰰ 攀砀琀攀渀搀椀渀最 栀椀猀 椀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀 甀瀀 琀漀 匀椀爀栀椀渀搀 ⠀䴀愀爀挀栀 ㄀㜀㔀㔀⤀⸀ 吀栀攀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀 漀昀 䐀攀氀栀椀 戀攀猀琀漀眀攀搀 漀渀 栀椀洀 琀栀攀 琀椀琀氀攀 漀昀 娀愀昀愀爀 䨀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最 㰀甀㸀䬀栀㰀⼀甀㸀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀⸀ 吀栀攀 爀甀氀攀爀 漀昀 䬀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最☀⌀㜀㜀㜀㄀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 愀挀挀攀瀀琀攀搀 栀椀猀 漀瘀攀爀氀漀爀搀猀栀椀瀀⸀ 䤀渀 䴀愀礀 ㄀㜀㔀㘀Ⰰ 栀攀 眀愀猀 愀瀀瀀漀椀渀琀攀搀 最漀瘀攀爀渀漀爀 漀昀 䰀愀栀漀爀攀 愀渀搀 䴀甀氀琀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀 戀礀 琀栀攀 䴀甀㰀甀㸀最栀㰀⼀甀㸀愀氀 最漀瘀攀爀渀洀攀渀琀 漀昀 䐀攀氀栀椀 漀渀 瀀愀礀洀攀渀琀 漀昀 愀渀 愀渀渀甀愀氀 琀爀椀戀甀琀攀 漀昀 琀栀椀爀琀礀 氀愀欀栀 漀昀 爀甀瀀攀攀猀⸀ 䄀栀洀愀搀 匀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀栀 䐀甀爀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 挀愀洀攀 琀漀 䴀甀㰀甀㸀最栀㰀⼀甀㸀氀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䈀攀最愀洀✀猀 栀攀氀瀀 愀渀搀 ☀⌀㈀㔀㘀搀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䈀攀最 琀漀漀欀 爀攀昀甀最攀 椀渀 琀栀攀  ☀⌀㌀㐀㘀椀瘀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀椀欀 栀椀氀氀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 䄀昀㰀甀㸀最栀㰀⼀甀㸀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀猀 爀攀愀瀀瀀漀椀渀琀攀搀 栀椀洀 㰀椀㸀昀愀甀樀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀㰀⼀椀㸀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䨀愀氀愀渀搀栀愀爀 䐀漀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀戀⸀ 䐀甀爀椀渀最 吀愀椀洀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀爀 匀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀栀✀猀 最漀瘀攀爀渀漀爀猀栀椀瀀 ⠀㄀㜀㔀㜀ⴀ㔀㠀⤀Ⰰ ☀⌀㈀㔀㘀搀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䈀攀最 戀攀最愀渀 琀漀 氀漀漀欀 愀爀漀甀渀搀 昀漀爀 愀氀氀椀攀猀 眀椀琀栀 愀 瘀椀攀眀 琀漀 攀砀瀀攀氀氀椀渀最 琀栀攀 䄀昀㰀甀㸀最栀㰀⼀甀㸀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀 愀渀搀 ☀⌀㈀㔀㘀搀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䈀攀最✀猀 琀爀漀漀瀀猀 樀漀椀渀攀搀 栀愀渀搀猀 愀渀搀 搀攀昀攀愀琀攀搀 琀栀攀 䄀昀㰀甀㸀最栀㰀⼀甀㸀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀猀 愀琀 䴀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀栀愀氀瀀甀爀Ⰰ 椀渀 䠀漀猀栀椀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀瀀甀爀 搀椀猀琀爀椀挀琀⸀ ☀⌀㈀㔀㘀搀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䈀攀最 攀砀瀀爀攀猀猀攀搀 栀椀猀 最爀愀琀椀琀甀搀攀 琀漀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀 戀礀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀椀渀最 愀 猀甀洀 漀昀 愀 琀栀漀甀猀愀渀搀 爀甀瀀攀攀猀 愀猀 栀漀洀愀最攀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䜀爀愀渀琀栀 匀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀栀椀戀 愀渀搀 愀 氀愀欀栀 愀渀搀 愀 焀甀愀爀琀攀爀 愀猀 瀀爀漀琀攀挀琀椀漀渀 洀漀渀攀礀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 䨀愀氀愀渀搀栀愀爀 䐀漀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀戀⸀ 䬀攀攀瀀椀渀最 甀瀀 愀瀀瀀攀愀爀愀渀挀攀猀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀 㰀椀㸀猀愀爀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀猀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 䠀攀 眀椀猀栀攀搀 琀漀 眀攀愀欀攀渀 琀栀攀椀爀 瀀漀眀攀爀 愀渀搀 椀渀瘀椀琀攀搀 琀漀 琀栀椀猀 攀渀搀 䴀愀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㜀㜀㠀㤀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀 眀栀漀 栀愀搀 琀愀欀攀渀 䐀攀氀栀椀 琀漀 挀漀洀攀 琀漀 琀栀攀 倀甀渀樀愀戀Ⰰ 漀昀昀攀爀椀渀最 琀栀攀洀 漀渀攀 氀愀欀栀 漀昀 爀甀瀀攀攀猀 愀 搀愀礀 漀渀 洀愀爀挀栀⸀ 䠀攀 愀氀猀漀 瀀攀爀猀甀愀搀攀搀 匀椀欀栀猀 琀漀 栀攀氀瀀 琀栀攀 䴀愀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㜀㜀㠀㤀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀 愀最愀椀渀猀琀 琀栀攀 䄀昀㰀甀㸀最栀㰀⼀甀㸀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 䴀愀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㜀㜀㠀㤀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀 氀攀搀 戀礀 刀愀最栀甀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀琀栀 刀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀漀 愀渀搀 愀挀挀漀洀瀀愀渀椀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 昀漀爀挀攀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀 愀渀搀 琀栀漀猀攀 漀昀 ☀⌀㈀㔀㘀搀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䈀攀最 攀渀琀攀爀攀搀 䰀愀栀漀爀攀 椀渀 䄀瀀爀椀氀 ㄀㜀㔀㠀⸀ ☀⌀㈀㔀㘀搀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䈀攀最 最漀琀 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀猀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀戀愀栀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀㰀⼀椀㸀 漀昀 琀栀攀 倀甀渀樀愀戀 愀琀 㜀㔀 氀愀欀栀 漀昀 爀甀瀀攀攀猀 愀 礀攀愀爀 琀漀 戀攀 瀀愀椀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䴀愀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㜀㜀㠀㤀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 倀甀渀樀愀戀 栀愀搀 渀漀眀 琀栀爀攀攀 洀愀猀琀攀爀猀 㨀 琀栀攀 䴀甀㰀甀㸀最栀㰀⼀甀㸀愀氀猀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 䄀昀㰀甀㸀最栀㰀⼀甀㸀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀猀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 䴀愀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㜀㜀㠀㤀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 椀渀 爀攀愀氀椀琀礀 漀渀氀礀 琀眀漀ⴀⴀ☀⌀㈀㔀㘀搀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䈀攀最 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀⸀ ☀⌀㈀㔀㘀搀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䈀攀最 戀爀漀漀欀攀搀 渀漀 爀椀瘀愀氀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 爀攀猀甀洀攀搀 栀椀猀 挀愀洀瀀愀椀最渀 愀最愀椀渀猀琀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀Ⰰ 椀渀挀爀攀愀猀椀渀最 栀椀猀 愀爀洀攀搀 猀琀爀攀渀最琀栀 愀渀搀 栀椀爀椀渀最 愀 琀栀漀甀猀愀渀搀 眀漀漀搀挀甀琀琀攀爀猀 琀漀 挀氀攀愀爀 甀瀀 琀栀攀 昀漀爀攀猀琀猀 椀渀 眀栀椀挀栀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀 眀攀爀攀 眀漀渀琀 琀漀 猀攀攀欀 猀栀攀氀琀攀爀 椀渀 琀椀洀攀猀 漀昀 猀琀爀攀猀猀⸀ 䠀攀 氀愀椀搀 猀椀攀最攀 琀漀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀 昀漀爀琀 漀昀 刀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀洀 刀愀甀☀⌀㜀㜀㔀㄀椀 愀琀 䄀洀爀椀琀猀愀爀⸀ 䈀攀昀漀爀攀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀 爀愀氀氀椀攀搀 琀漀 挀漀渀昀爀漀渀琀 栀椀洀Ⰰ ☀⌀㈀㔀㘀搀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䈀攀最 猀甀挀挀甀洀戀攀搀 琀漀 愀渀 愀琀琀愀挀欀 漀昀 挀漀氀椀挀 愀琀 䈀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㠀㤀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 漀渀 ㄀　 匀攀瀀琀攀洀戀攀爀 ㄀㜀㔀㠀⸀ 䠀椀猀 搀攀愀搀 戀漀搀礀 眀愀猀 戀甀爀椀攀搀Ⰰ 栀漀渀漀甀爀椀渀最 栀椀猀 眀椀氀氀Ⰰ 愀琀 㰀甀㸀䬀栀㰀⼀甀㸀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀瀀甀爀Ⰰ ㈀ 欀洀 渀漀爀琀栀眀攀猀琀 漀昀 䠀漀猀栀椀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀瀀甀爀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ
</font>਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䈀䤀䈀∀㸀ഀഀ
BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1"><li class="C1"> Gupta, Hari Ram, <i>History of the Sikhs, </i> vol. II. Delhi, 1978<BR>਍㰀氀椀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀 䜀愀渀搀栀椀Ⰰ 匀甀爀樀椀琀 匀椀渀最栀Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀匀琀爀甀最最氀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀 昀漀爀 匀漀瘀攀爀攀椀最渀琀礀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 䐀攀氀栀椀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㠀　㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ
<li class="C1"> Bhagat Singh, <i>Sikh Polity</i>. Delhi, 1978<BR>਍㰀⼀漀氀㸀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀伀一吀∀㸀䈀栀愀最愀琀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀㰀戀爀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ
</font>਍㰀椀洀最 猀爀挀㴀∀挀漀甀渀琀攀爀⸀愀猀瀀砀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㄀瀀砀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀瀀砀∀ 愀氀琀㴀∀∀㸀ഀഀ
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